Abstract: Metaheuristic algorithms have demonstrated strong effectiveness in solving complex real-world optimization problems. This paper presents two discrete metaheuristic approaches for the ...

After a comparatively upbeat first three nights of the Stratford Festival’s Opening Week, there was a palpable tone shift with the opening of Dean Gabourie’s excellent, but devastating production of ...

Abstract: A colored traveling salesman problem (CTSP) can subtly and thoroughly depict the homogeneity of salesmen and the assignment relationships between them and cities by using colors. It has been ...